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The integration of groundwater-based irrigation systems with farmer-managed irrigation systems holds great potential, says IWMI researchers.

Nepal’s agriculture is largely dominated by small and medium holder farmers practising a mixed farming system (MFS) which includes multiple cropping practices like growing vegetables and fruits and raising livestock.

Groundwater (GW) irrigation through shallow tube wells (STWs) powered by diesel pumps has been crucial for farmers in the Terai belt since the 1970s (Asian Development Bank, 2013) due to low investment cost, easy repair, and an established supply chain.

Nepal’s energy sector has vastly improved from just a few years ago. The Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), the country’s monopoly electric utility, is highly profitable after decades of persistent losses.

A survey conducted by the International Water Management Institute found that more than 40 per cent of the farmers received solar pumps for free.

The hilly region of Nepal faces low productivity issues in the mixed farming system due to its’ challenged agro eco-system.

Social justice and equity must drive a sustainable approach. Women and disadvantaged groups need equal growth opportunities to become the next generation of Water, Energy, Food, and Ecosystems Leaders.

As IWD approaches, CGIAR is launching a new research initiative – NEXUS Gains – that focuses on developing integrated innovations and solutions across the water, energy, food, and environment (WEFE) sectors.

How participatory gender workshops are enabling communities in Nepal

As a result of IWMI’s work in the realms of e-flow monitoring and aquifer recharge, water management for rivers and aquifers has been strengthened.