Water, Land and Ecosystems - Vietnam

Challenges to operationalizing sustainable diets: Perspectives from Kenya and Vietnam

Anonymous — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 12:41:38 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Hoey, Lesli
Khoury, Colin K.
Osiemo, Jamleck
Shires, Anna
Binge, Brenda
Duong, Thi Thanh
Jalango, Dorcas
Trinh, Huong Th
Huynh, Tuyen
Judelsohn, Alexandra
Haan, Stef de
Heller, Martin C.
Chege, Christine G. Kiria
Jones, Andrew D.

Despite the urgent need for comprehensive food systems strategies, the challenge lies in defining feasible, evidence-based intervention points. Too little is known about issues food systems decision-makers and other change agents are running up against, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where food systems are the most vulnerable to a growing number of intertwined crises. We look at this question through the lens of sustainable diets, a growing area of research and a concept that is the basis of over 30 sets of national guidelines that aim to simultaneously address health, economic and environmental dimensions of food systems. Based on 114 interviews carried out in Kenya and Vietnam, we examine the extent to which food systems researchers, business and project managers and policy actors are attempting to intervene in food systems in ways that mirror the concept of sustainable diets. We also consider how they are managing two key ingredients that are critical to systems-change—interdisciplinary data and cross-sector collaboration. Most stakeholders we interviewed were carrying out systems-based projects, oriented—even if not explicitly—around many of the sustainable diets domains: agriculture, livelihoods, food security/access/nutrition and/or environment. The majority faced formidable challenges with both data and collaborations, however, showing why it can be so difficult to move from normative ideals like “sustainable diets” to practical realities, regardless of the context. To support more comprehensive food systems policies and interventions, our findings suggest the need for strategies that can improve the collection and accessibility of actionable, cross-sector data, and mechanisms to overcome institutional barriers that limit collaboration.

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Hoey, L.; Khoury, C.K.; Osiemo, J.; Shires, A.; Binge, B.; Duong, T.T.; Jalango, D.; Trinh, H.; Huynh, T.; Judelsohn, A.; de Haan, S.; Heller, M.C.; Chege, C.; Jones, A.D. (2021) Challenges to operationalizing sustainable diets: Perspectives from Kenya and Vietnam. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 5: 690028. ISSN: 2571-581X

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Open Access

Research Themes

Restoring Degraded Landscapes

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115409

Sustainable tea production through agroecological management practices in Vietnam: a review

Anonymous — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 12:41:38 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Viet, San Le
Lesueur, Didier
Herrmann, Laetitia
Hudek, Lee
Luu, Ngoc Quyen
Brau, Lambert

Citation

Viet, S.L.; Lesueur, D.; Herrmann, L.; Hudek, L.; Luu, N.Q.; Brau, L. (2021) Sustainable tea production through agroecological management practices in Vietnam: a review. Environmental Sustainability, Online first paper (29 May 2021). ISSN: 2523-8922

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Limited Access

Research Themes

Restoring Degraded Landscapes

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/114996

Gender dimensions of solid and liquid waste management for reuse in agriculture in Asia and Africa

Anonymous — Fri, 22 Oct 2021 11:34:33 +0000

TypeReport

Languageen

Authors

Taron, Avinandan
Drechsel, Pay
Gebrezgabher, Solomie

This report examines social equality aspects related to resource recovery through solid waste composting and wastewater irrigation. The report shows that women are represented in greatest numbers at the base of the recycling chain, most often as informal waste pickers and as sorters of recyclables with limited access to resources and upward mobility. Despite a wide gender gap in the solid waste and sanitation sectors, women play a key role in both municipal waste reduction and food safety where irrigation water is unsafe. Analyzing the gender dimension is important for understanding household responses to recycling programs, differences between the formal and informal sectors as well as along the waste-to-resource value chain from collection to treatment and reuse. The report stresses the important role of women in household waste management, including waste segregation, and the power of women-dominated waste picker associations, where the informal sector plays an essential role alongside the formal sector.

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Taron, Avinandan; Drechsel, Pay; Gebrezgabher, Solomie. 2021. Gender dimensions of solid and liquid waste management for reuse in agriculture in Asia and Africa. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 33p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 21) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.223]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115577

Are water markets a viable proposition in the Lower Mekong Basin?

Anonymous — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 11:36:32 +0000

TypeBook Chapter

Languageen

Authors

Reardon-Smith, K.
McCartney, Matthew
Rebelo, Lisa-Maria

Water markets are a potential approach for reallocating and improving the efficiency of water use in river basins in which water resources are under stress as a consequence of demographic and economic pressures. However, establishing water markets is not easy and to be successful a wide range of context specific criteria, relating to the legal and institutional framework as well as political and economic conditions, must be met. We applied the Water Market Readiness Assessment framework proposed by Wheeler et al. (2017) to investigate whether adequate policy and governance arrangements were in place to enable water markets to effectively operate in the countries of the Lower Mekong River Basin. We identify a number of key gaps and conclude that more conventional regulatory approaches, along with integrated basin planning and management, will likely better serve the communities and environments of the region.

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Reardon-Smith, K.; McCartney, Matthew; Rebelo, Lisa-Maria. 2021. Are water markets a viable proposition in the Lower Mekong Basin? In Wheeler, S. A. (Ed.). Water markets: a global assessment. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. pp.91-111. [doi: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788976930.00015]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115184

Stocktaking review for the Livestock CRP with focus on Sonla, NW Vietnam

Anonymous — Sat, 10 Jul 2021 11:37:41 +0000

TypeReport

Languageen

Authors

Tiemann, Tassilo T.

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Citation

Tiemann T. 2019. Stocktaking review for the Livestock CRP with focus on Sonla, NW Vietnam. International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam. 37p.

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Open Access

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/107149

Maintaining diversity of integrated rice and fish production confers adaptability of food systems to global change

Anonymous — Thu, 01 Apr 2021 11:34:59 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Freed, S.
Barman, B.
Dubois, M.
Flor, R. J.
Funge-Smith, S.
Gregory, R.
Hadi, B. A. R.
Halwart, M.
Haque, M.
Jagadish, S. V. K.
Joffre, Olivier M.
Karim, M.
Kura, Y.
McCartney, Matthew
Mondal, M.
Nguyen, V. K.
Sinclair, Fergus L.
Stuart, A. M.
Tezzo, X.
Yadav, S.
Cohen, P. J.

Rice and fish are preferred foods, critical for healthy and nutritious diets, and provide the foundations of local and national economies across Asia. Although transformations, or “revolutions,” in agriculture and aquaculture over the past half-century have primarily relied upon intensified monoculture to increase rice and fish production, agroecological approaches that support biodiversity and utilize natural processes are particularly relevant for achieving a transformation toward food systems with more inclusive, nutrition-sensitive, and ecologically sound outcomes. Rice and fish production are frequently integrated within the same physical, temporal, and social spaces, with substantial variation amongst the types of production practice and their extent. In Cambodia, rice field fisheries that strongly rely upon natural processes persist in up to 80% of rice farmland, whereas more input and infrastructure dependent rice-shrimp culture is expanding within the rice farmland of Vietnam. We demonstrate how a diverse suite of integrated production practices contribute to sustainable and nutrition-sensitive food systems policy, research, and practice. We first develop a typology of integrated production practices illustrating the nature and degree of: (a) fish stocking, (b) water management, (c) use of synthetic inputs, and (d) institutions that control access to fish. Second, we summarize recent research and innovations that have improved the performance of each type of practice. Third, we synthesize data on the prevalence, outcomes, and trajectories of these practices in four South and Southeast Asian countries that rely heavily on fish and rice for food and nutrition security. Focusing on changes since the food systems transformation brought about by the Green Revolution, we illustrate how integrated production practices continue to serve a variety of objectives to varying degrees: food and nutrition security, rural livelihood diversification and income improvement, and biodiversity conservation. Five shifts to support contemporary food system transformations [i.e., disaggregating (1) production practices and (2) objectives, (3) utilizing diverse metrics, (4) valuing emergent, place-based innovation, (5) building adaptive capacity] would accelerate progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 2, specifically through ensuring ecosystem maintenance, sustainable food production, and resilient agricultural practices with the capacity to adapt to global change.

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Freed, S.; Barman, B.; Dubois, M.; Flor, R. J.; Funge-Smith, S.; Gregory, R.; Hadi, B. A. R.; Halwart, M.; Haque, M.; Jagadish, S. V. K.; Joffre, O. M.; Karim, M.; Kura, Y.; McCartney, Matthew; Mondal, M.; Nguyen, V. K.; Sinclair, F.; Stuart, A. M.; Tezzo, X.; Yadav, S.; Cohen, P. J. 2020. Maintaining diversity of integrated rice and fish production confers adaptability of food systems to global change. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4:576179. [doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.576179]

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Open Access

Research Themes

Variability, Risks and Competing Uses

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/110124

Emergence of Integrated Water Resources Management: measuring implementation in Vietnam

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeReport

Subjects

Ecosystems
Policy
Water Management
Water use

Languageen

Authors

Akkerman, Maarten
Khanh, Ngụy Thị
Witter, Michael
Rutten, Martine

IWRM can be defined as “a process that promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximize economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems” (GWP, 2012). Recently, the changes in laws and regulations, such as the 2012 revised Law on Water Resources (LWR 2012), have sought to provide a legal framework for internationally recognized practices of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in Vietnam (Nguyen, 2012). IWRM is a novel approach for Vietnam. This Research Bulletin evaluates how well water resources plans adhere to the principles of IWRM, to learn and further tailor these principles to the Vietnamese situation.

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Akkerman, Maarten; Khanh, Nguy Thi; Witter, Michael; Rutten, Martine. 2018. Emergence of Integrated Water Resources Management: measuring implementation in Vietnam. Water Knowledge #6. Vientiane, Lao PDR, CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems.

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Open Access

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/98402

Solutions

WLE focal region brief: WLE greater Mekong

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeBrief

Subjects

Ecosystems
Governance
Water Management
Water use

Languageen

Authors

CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems

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Citation

CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE).2015.WLE focal region brief: WLE greater Mekong.Colombo, Sri Lanka:CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE).2p.

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Open Access

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/68828

Solutions

Integrating Global Satellite-Derived Data Products as a Pre-Analysis for Hydrological Modelling Studies: A Case Study for the Red River Basin

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Subjects

Agricultural policies
Agricultural water management
Benefit sharing mechanisms
Hydrology
Water Availability
Water Balance
Water Management
Water use
Watersheds

Languageen

Authors

Simons, Gijs
Bastiaanssen, Wim G.M.

With changes in weather patterns and intensifying anthropogenic water use, there is an increasing need for spatio-temporal information on water fluxes and stocks in river basins. The assortment of satellite-derived open-access information sources on rainfall (P) and land use/land cover (LULC) is currently being expanded with the application of actual evapotranspiration (ETact) algorithms on the global scale. We demonstrate how global remotely sensed P and ETact datasets can be merged to examine hydrological processes such as storage changes and streamflow prior to applying a numerical simulation model. The study area is the Red River Basin in China in Vietnam, a generally challenging basin for remotely sensed information due to frequent cloud cover. Over this region, several satellite-based P and ETact products are compared, and performance is evaluated using rain gauge records and longer-term averaged streamflow. A method is presented for fusing multiple satellite-derived ETact estimates to generate an ensemble product that may be less susceptible, on a global basis, to errors in individual modeling approaches. Subsequently, monthly satellite-derived rainfall and ETact are combined to assess the water balance for individual subcatchments and types of land use, defined using a global land use classification improved based on auxiliary satellite data. It was found that a combination of TRMM rainfall and the ensemble ETact product is consistent with streamflow records in both space and time. It is concluded that monthly storage changes, multi-annual streamflow and water yield per LULC type in the Red River Basin can be successfully assessed based on currently available global satellite-derived products. View Full-Text

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Simons, Gijs, Wim Bastiaanssen, Le An Ngô, Christopher R. Hain, Martha Anderson, and Gabriel Senay. "Integrating Global Satellite-Derived Data Products as a Pre-Analysis for Hydrological Modelling Studies: A Case Study for the Red River Basin." Remote Sensing 8, no. 4 (2016): 279.

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Open Access

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/80681

Solutions

Between interests and worldviews: the narrow path of the Mekong River Commission

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Suhardiman, Diana
Giordano, Mark
Molle, Francois

Hydropower development is occurring at a rapid, though controversial, pace in the Mekong. We highlight the role of scientific assessment in shaping the Mekong hydropower debate, taking the strategic environmental assessment of the twelve planned mainstream dams as a case study. While environmental impact assessments are designed as science-based decision-making tools, they have often been criticized in practice as a political means to justify already made development decisions. In this case we demonstrate how the Mekong River Commission, operating in a constrained political environment, has instead used environmental impact assessment as a way of providing political space and opening the discussion on dams to a wider public. The main argument of this paper is that scientific assessment can be politically maneuvered to shape governance alliances at both national and transboundary levels, and to a certain extent democratize decision-making processes.

Citation

Suhardiman, Diana; Giordano, M.; Molle, Francois. 2014. Between interests and worldviews: the narrow path of the Mekong River Commission. Environment and Planning C-Government and Policy, 33(1), 199–217. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c11191

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Research Themes

Variability, Risks and Competing Uses

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/58421