Water, Land and Ecosystems - Ghana

What happens after technology adoption? Gendered aspects of small-scale irrigation technologies in Ethiopia, Ghana, and Tanzania

Anonymous — Wed, 24 Aug 2022 12:13:04 +0000

TypePresentation

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Authors

Theis, Sophie

Presented by Sophie Theis (IFPRI), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research, Amsterdam, 5-6 December 2017.

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Theis, Sophie. 2017. What happens after technology adoption? Gendered aspects of small-scale irrigation technologies in Ethiopia, Ghana, and Tanzania. Presented by Sophie Theis (IFPRI), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research, Amsterdam, 5-6 December 2017. Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/120708

The contribution of tipping fees to the operation, maintenance, and management of fecal sludge treatment plants: the case of Ghana

Anonymous — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 12:41:38 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Tanoh, Rebecca
Nikiema, Josiane
Asiedu, Zipporah
Jayathilake, Nilanthi
Cofie, Olufunke

Globally, collection of tipping fees is being promoted as a solution to sustain the operation of fecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs). Currently, there are six large-scale FSTPs in Ghana, of which five were in operation in June 2017. In Kumasi, Sekondi-Takoradi and Tamale, fecal sludge (FS) is co-treated with landfill leachate using waste stabilization ponds (WSPs). In Tema and Accra, FS is treated using WSPs and a mechanical dewatering system coupled with an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB). The focus of this study is FSTPs and to assess how, and if, the tipping fees set by the municipalities could enable cost recovery to sustain their long-term operation. Using a questionnaire survey to interview plant managers from the public and private sectors, and directors of waste management departments, we found that the overall average operation, maintenance and management (OM&M) costs per 1000 m3 of treated waste (FS or FS + leachate) in 2017 were USD89 in Kumasi, USD150 in Tamale, USD179 in Tema, USD244 in Sekondi-Takoradi and USD1,743 in Accra. There were important disparities between FSTPs due to their scale, age, and level of treatment and monitoring. Currently, most FSTPs charge tipping fees that range between USD310 and USD530/1000 m3 of FS, averaging USD421 ± 98/1000 m3 of FS discharged at FSTPs. Our study also showed that the OM&M costs of large-scale intensive FSTPs cannot be sustained by relying solely on tipping fees. However, there could be potential to cover the routine expenditures associated with operating smaller FSTPs that relying on WSP technologies.

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Tanoh, Rebecca; Nikiema, Josiane; Asiedu, Zipporah; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Cofie, Olufunke. 2022. The contribution of tipping fees to the operation, maintenance, and management of fecal sludge treatment plants: the case of Ghana. Journal of Environmental Management, 303:114125. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114125]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/116406

Assessing risk in times of climate change and COVID-19: city region food system of Tamale, Ghana

Anonymous — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 12:41:38 +0000

TypeOther

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Authors

FAO
RUAF Foundation
International Water Management Institute

This factsheet provides information on the general knowledge collected by the city region food system (CRFS) project in its phase 2 regarding the assessment of risks for the CRFS of Tamale. The data was collected through literature review and stakeholder consultations.

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FAO; RUAF Foundation; International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2021. Assessing risk in times of climate change and COVID-19: city region food system of Tamale, Ghana. Rome, Italy: FAO. 4p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.4060/cb6621en]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115737

Quantifying cooperation benefits for new dams in transboundary water systems without formal operating rules

Anonymous — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 12:41:38 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Gonzalez, J. M.
Matrosov, E. S.
Obuobie, E.
Mul, M.
Pettinotti, L.
Gebrechorkos, S. H.
Sheffield, J.
Bottacin-Busolin, A.
Dalton, J.
Smith, D. Mark
Harou, J. J.

New dams impact downstream ecosystems and water infrastructure; without cooperative and adaptive management, negative impacts can manifest. In large complex transboundary river basins without well codified operating rules and extensive historical data, it can be difficult to assess the benefits of cooperating, in particular in relation to new dams. This constitutes a barrier to harmonious development of river basins and could contribute to water conflict. This study proposes a generalised framework to assess the benefits of cooperation on the management of new dams in water resource systems that do not have formal sharing arrangements. Benefits are estimated via multi-criteria comparison of historical reservoir operations (usually relatively uncooperative) vs. adopting new cooperative rules which would achieve the best results for riparian countries as evaluated by a water resources simulator and its performance metrics. The approach is applied to the Pwalugu Multipurpose Dam (PMD), which is being built in Ghana in the Volta river basin. The PMD could impact downstream ecosystems and infrastructure in Ghana and could itself be impacted by how the existing upstream Bagre Dam is managed in Burkina Faso. Results show that with cooperation Ghana and Burkina Faso could both increase energy production although some ecosystem services loss would need to be mitigated. The study confirms that cooperative rules achieve higher overall benefits compared to seeking benefits only for individual dams or countries.

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Gonzalez, J. M.; Matrosov, E. S.; Obuobie, E.; Mul, M.; Pettinotti, L.; Gebrechorkos, S. H.; Sheffield, J.; Bottacin-Busolin, A.; Dalton, J.; Smith, D. Mark; Harou, J. J. 2021. Quantifying cooperation benefits for new dams in transboundary water systems without formal operating rules. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 9:596612. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.596612]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115754

Circular economy solutions to close water, energy and food loops in West Africa

Anonymous — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 12:41:38 +0000

TypeBrief

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Authors

International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

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International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2021. Circular economy solutions to close water, energy and food loops in West Africa. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 4p. (IWMI Water Issue Brief 17) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.222]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/116583

Social cost-benefit analysis of investment in rehabilitation of multipurpose small reservoirs in northern Ghana using an ecosystem services-based approach

Anonymous — Tue, 28 Dec 2021 12:40:10 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Subjects

Ecosystem Services
Investment
Reservoirs

Languageen

Authors

Bekoe, J.
Balana, B.
Nimoh, F.

Multipurpose small reservoirs are essential infrastructure in providing water for irrigation and non-irrigation uses in water stress areas of northern Ghana. Unfortunately, the flow of multiple ecosystem services from small reservoirs have been declining over several years due to lack of rehabilitation and poor management. Using selected multipurpose small reservoirs and available secondary and survey data, this paper applied an ecosystem services-based approach in the economic analysis of investment in rehabilitation of small reservoirs in northern Ghana. The findings reveal that private financial returns from irrigated crops have negative net present value (NPV) and an internal rate of return (IRR) lower than the cost of capital, implying a lack of economic incentive for private investors in their rehabilitation. However, accounting for the multiple ecosystem services such as livestock watering, fisheries, recreation services, domestic water, and climate regulation show positive NPV and high return on capital (IRR up to 43%). Policy choices would be biased against reservoir development if stakeholders consider only irrigation benefits. Based on the findings we recommend public investment in rehabilitation of multi-purpose small reservoirs to harness the multiple ecosystem services and community livelihoods. We further recommend public–private-user partnership business model to address current management inefficiency and optimize the flows of ecosystem services from small reservoirs to wider community.

Citation

Bekoe, J.; Balana, B.; Nimoh, F. 2021. Social cost-benefit analysis of investment in rehabilitation of multipurpose small reservoirs in northern Ghana using an ecosystem services-based approach. Ecosystem Services 50(2021): 101329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101329

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/117251

Solutions

Spatial and temporal dynamics of croplands in expanding West African cities

Anonymous — Wed, 08 Dec 2021 12:38:51 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Karg, H.
Drechsel, Pay
Dittrich, N.
Cauchois, A.

The rapid expansion of cities in West Africa has implications for urban cropland. This study aimed to assess the dynamics of cropland in West African cities over time and space, to identify key drivers, and to report the effects of changing cropland on farmers and farmers’ resilience strategies. Cities studied were Accra (Ghana), Bamako (Mali), Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), and Bamenda (Cameroon). Methodology involved multi-temporal spatial analysis of satellite images and farmer surveys. Results showed that the share of urban land covered by cropland differed in these cities, with higher shares in Accra and Bamenda, which included rainfed cultivation. Over the past 15 years, Accra has lost large shares of its farming areas, both in the inner-urban areas as well as in the fringe, whereas loss in Bamenda has been less substantial. In Ouagadougou and Bamako, where only irrigated sites were captured, cropland has shifted to the fringes but increased overall. Key drivers influencing the direction of change were official support of urban farming (or lack thereof), population pressure, and the availability of public open spaces that are not suitable for construction. In cities with decreasing cropland, implications included diminishing individual farm sizes, intensification of remaining sites, cessation of farming in the city, and the shift to other sites, which—apart from the physical availability of land and related resources—depends on social relations and informal rules.

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Karg, H.; Drechsel, Pay; Dittrich, N.; Cauchois, A. 2020. Spatial and temporal dynamics of croplands in expanding West African cities. Urban Agriculture and Regional Food Systems, 5(1):e20005. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/uar2.20005]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/110880

Circular economy

Anonymous — Wed, 08 Dec 2021 12:38:51 +0000

TypeReport

Languageen

Authors

Cofie, Olufunke O.
Nikiema, Josiane

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Cofie, Olufunke; Nikiema, Josiane. 2020. Circular economy. In African Development Bank (AfDB); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); GRID-Arendal. Sanitation and wastewater atlas of Africa. Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire: African Development Bank (AfDB); Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Arendal, Norway: GRID-Arendal. pp.127-145.

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Rural-Urban Linkages

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/111444

Gender dimensions of solid and liquid waste management for reuse in agriculture in Asia and Africa

Anonymous — Fri, 22 Oct 2021 11:34:33 +0000

TypeReport

Languageen

Authors

Taron, Avinandan
Drechsel, Pay
Gebrezgabher, Solomie

This report examines social equality aspects related to resource recovery through solid waste composting and wastewater irrigation. The report shows that women are represented in greatest numbers at the base of the recycling chain, most often as informal waste pickers and as sorters of recyclables with limited access to resources and upward mobility. Despite a wide gender gap in the solid waste and sanitation sectors, women play a key role in both municipal waste reduction and food safety where irrigation water is unsafe. Analyzing the gender dimension is important for understanding household responses to recycling programs, differences between the formal and informal sectors as well as along the waste-to-resource value chain from collection to treatment and reuse. The report stresses the important role of women in household waste management, including waste segregation, and the power of women-dominated waste picker associations, where the informal sector plays an essential role alongside the formal sector.

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Taron, Avinandan; Drechsel, Pay; Gebrezgabher, Solomie. 2021. Gender dimensions of solid and liquid waste management for reuse in agriculture in Asia and Africa. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 33p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 21) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.223]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115577

Agricultural water management innovations to build resilient food systems in West Africa

Anonymous — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 11:36:32 +0000

TypeBrief

Languageen

Authors

International Water Management Institute

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International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2021. Agricultural water management innovations to build resilient food systems in West Africa. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 4p. (IWMI Water Issue Brief 14) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.203]

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/114235