Water, Land and Ecosystems - Morocco

Examining migration governance: evidence of rising insecurities due to COVID-19 in China, Ethiopia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Morocco, Nepal and Thailand

Anonymous — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 12:41:38 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Murzakulova, A.
Dessalegn, Mengistu
Phalkey, N.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the context of global migration. From a migration perspective, the pandemic is a source of insecurities that challenge migrants, their livelihoods and migration governance. Meanwhile, curtailment in movement has led to economic decline affecting labour markets. For migrant origin and hosting countries, this poses multidimensional development challenges. Analysis from March to August 2020 of China, Ethiopia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Morocco, Nepal and Thailand highlights the varying ways in which they are all severely affected by the disruptions in migration, suggesting a potentially emerging complex situation in migration patterns and pathways. The disruptions in migration and remittances have had a profound impact on migrants and migrant-sending households. The uncertainty of migration returning to pre-pandemic levels and the potential of lasting consequences on migrants and migration patterns and pathways, suggests a future of greater risk and exploitation, and a wider gap between formal and informal migration. This paper calls for greater mobility cooperation between countries and suggests strengthening mobility migration frameworks and policies for safer migration and for the rights of migrants.

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Murzakulova, A.; Dessalegn, Mengistu; Phalkey, N. 2021. Examining migration governance: evidence of rising insecurities due to COVID-19 in China, Ethiopia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Morocco, Nepal and Thailand. Comparative Migration Studies, 9:44. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-021-00254-0]

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Open Access

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115757

Global groundwater: source, scarcity, sustainability, security, and solutions

Anonymous — Wed, 29 Dec 2021 12:41:38 +0000

TypeBook

Languageen

Authors

Mukherjee, A.
Scanlon, Bridget R.
Aureli, A.
Langan, Simon J.
Guo, H.
McKenzie, A. A.

Citation

Mukherjee, A.; Scanlon, B. R.; Aureli, A.; Langan, Simon; Guo, H.; McKenzie, A. A. (Eds.) 2021. Global groundwater: source, scarcity, sustainability, security, and solutions. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. 676p.

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Limited Access

Research Themes

Variability, Risks and Competing Uses

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/111566

Circular economy

Anonymous — Wed, 08 Dec 2021 12:38:51 +0000

TypeReport

Languageen

Authors

Cofie, Olufunke O.
Nikiema, Josiane

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Cofie, Olufunke; Nikiema, Josiane. 2020. Circular economy. In African Development Bank (AfDB); United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); GRID-Arendal. Sanitation and wastewater atlas of Africa. Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire: African Development Bank (AfDB); Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); Arendal, Norway: GRID-Arendal. pp.127-145.

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Open Access

Research Themes

Rural-Urban Linkages

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/111444

Groundwater governance and irrigated agriculture

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

Regions

Latin America

TypeBook

Languageen

Authors

Shah, Tushaar

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Citation

Shah, Tushaar. 2014. Groundwater governance and irrigated agriculture. Stockholm, Sweden: Global Water Partnership, Technical Committee (TEC).. 71p. (TEC Background Papers 19)

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Open Access

Research Themes

Land and Water Solutions for Sustainable Agriculture

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/65257

A case study of seed exchange networks and gene flow for barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) in Morocco

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Subjects

Institutions/governance/policies/reforms
Ecosystems

Languageen

Authors

Jensen, H.R.
Belqadi, L.
Santis, P. de
Sadiki, M.
Jarvis, Devra I.
Schoen, D.J.

Local patterns of seed regeneration and trade that occur outside the formal breeding sector (seed exchange networks) can have a strong influence on the genetic diversity and evolution of traditional crop varieties. Despite this, little is known about the extent to which seed exchange networks influence gene flow and genetic structure in traditional crop varieties. Here we study barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) in rural communes of Northern Morocco in 2008 and 2009. We quantified seed regeneration and exchange by farmers within the seed exchange network using structured interviews. Using SSR markers, we also quantified the neutral genetic diversity and structure of a complex of traditional varieties referred to as Beldi that is managed in this exchange network. The majority of farmers (>88 %) report cultivating Beldi. Most seeds of Beldi (70�90 %) are maintained on-farm, while the remainder of seeds are obtained from local markets within the commune. Beldi has high genetic diversity and there is weak but significant genetic structure between communes (FST = 0.031). From SSR marker data there is evidence of a high level of gene flow between communes not reported in interviews. Seeds purchased in local markets likely represent seeds from a larger geographic region, leading to lower genetic structure among communes than expected based on the reported level of on-farm seed regeneration and local sourcing of seed. We discuss the implications of this seed exchange network for the conservation of traditional barley varieties in the study region.

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Jensen, H.R.; Belqadi, L.; De Santis, P.; Sadiki, M.; Jarvis, D.I.; Schoen, D.J. (2012). A case study of seed exchange networks and gene flow for barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) in Morocco. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 60(3): p. 1119-1138 ISSN:0925-9864;

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Limited Access

Research Themes

Restoring Degraded Landscapes

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/34626

Managed aquifer recharge in Africa: taking stock and looking forward

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Ebrahim, Girma Yimer
Lautze, Jonathan F.
Villholth, Karen G.

Climatic variability and change result in unreliable and uncertain water availability and contribute to water insecurity in Africa, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas and where water storage infrastructure is limited. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR), which comprises purposeful recharge and storage of surface runoff and treated wastewater in aquifers, serves various purposes, of which a prominent one is to provide a means to mitigate adverse impact of climate variability. Despite clear scope for this technology in Africa, the prevalence and range of MAR experiences in Africa have not been extensively examined. The objective of this article is provide an overview of MAR progress in Africa and to inform the potential for future use of this approach in the continent. Information on MAR from 52 cases in Africa listed in the Global MAR Portal and collated from relevant literature was analyzed. Cases were classified according to 13 key characteristics including objective of the MAR project, technology applied, biophysical conditions, and technical and management challenges. Results of the review indicate that: (i) the extent of MAR practice in Africa is relatively limited, (ii) the main objective of MAR in Africa is to secure and augment water supply and balance variability in supply and demand, (iii) the surface spreading/infiltration method is the most common MAR method, (iv) surface water is the main water source for MAR, and (v) the total annual recharge volume is about 158 Mm3 /year. MAR schemes exist in both urban and rural Africa, which exemplify the advancement of MAR implementation as well as its out scaling potential. Further, MAR schemes are most commonly found in areas of high inter-annual variability in water availability. If properly planned, implemented, managed, maintained and adapted to local conditions, MAR has large potential in securing water and increasing resilience in Africa. Ultimately, realizing the full potential of MAR in Africa will require undertaking hydrogeological and hydrological studies to determine feasibility of MAR, especially in geographic regions of high inter-annual climate variability and growing water demand. This, supported by increased research to gauge success of existing MAR projects and to address challenges, would help with future siting, design and implementation of MAR in Africa.

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Ebrahim, Girma Y.; Lautze, Jonathan F.; Villholth, Karen G. 2020. Managed aquifer recharge in Africa: taking stock and looking forward. Water, 12(7):1844. (Special issue: Managed Aquifer Recharge for Water Resilience) [doi: 10.3390/w12071844]

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Open Access

Research Themes

Variability, Risks and Competing Uses

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/108829

What do we require from water biotechnologies in Africa?

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Weissenbacher, N.
Nikiema, Josiane
Garfi, M.
Figoli, A.

When discussing water and sanitation issues, technology is often seen as the key element by many stakeholders. Within a multinational project, the opportunity was taken to analyse the experiences with the existing water infrastructure to look behind this assumption and - if not working satisfactory - to identify the key requirements that obviously have not been met. Following this, it should be possible to prepare a set of requirements to learn from this. A three stage questionnaire for different stakeholder level (authorities, operators and end users) has been launched in Algeria, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, Senegal and Tunisia. Some main obstacles towards sustainable biological wastewater treatment could then be identified. The reader expecting specific technical suggestions might be disappointed but the key messages that are relevant for all the different conditions of the four North African and the three Sub Saharan countries are presented. The given requirements tackle issues that are unfortunately not only of technical nature and are (almost) all linked to each other.

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Weissenbacher, N.; Nikiema, Josiane; Garfi, M.; Figoli, A. 2013. What do we require from water biotechnologies in Africa? Sustainable Sanitation Practice, 14(January):35-40. (Selected contributions from the 1st WATERBIOTECH conference, Cairo, Egypt, 9-11 October 2012).

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Open Access

Research Themes

Rural-Urban Linkages

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40211

Wastewater treatment practices in Africa - experiences from seven countries

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeJournal Article

Languageen

Authors

Nikiema, Josiane
Figoli, A.
Weissenbacher, N.
Langergraber, G.
Marrot, B.
Moulin, P.

In this paper, existing wastewater treatment practices in 7 African countries, i.e. Algeria, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, Senegal and Tunisia, are reported. Data were collected by questioning wastewater treatment plants managers as well as treated wastewater users in 2012. This study showed that 0.2 to 63 L/d/person of wastewater are treated in these countries, with the higher levels obtained for North Africa. Technically, treatment plants (mostly activated sludge and waste stabilization ponds) deal with high organic loads, uncontrolled input, power cuts and increasing wastewater flow rates. Poor operation and maintenance (O&M), in part caused by the lack of funds, high energy costs and lack of re-investments, is also a serious reported issue. Consequently, treatment plants often deliver insufficient effluent quality, which negatively affects the environment and acceptability of stakeholders towards the treated water. Other challenges, such as water availability, long-term impacts, financial and social constraints, affecting the reuse, are also discussed.

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Nikiema, Josiane; Figoli, A.; Weissenbacher, N.; Langergraber, G.; Marrot, B.; Moulin, P. 2013. Wastewater treatment practices in Africa - experiences from seven countries. Sustainable Sanitation Practice, 14(January):26-34. (Selected contributions from the 1st

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Open Access

Research Themes

Rural-Urban Linkages

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40210

Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeBook

Languageen

Authors

Otoo, Miriam
Drechsel, Pay

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Citation

Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay. (Eds.) 2018. Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. 816p.

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Open Access

Research Themes

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/93011

Suburban wastewater treatment designed for reuse and replication (Morocco) - Case Study

Anonymous — Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000

TypeBook Chapter

Languageen

Authors

Drechsel, Pay
Hanjra, Munir A.

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Citation

Drechsel, Pay; Hanjra, Munir A. 2018. Suburban wastewater treatment designed for reuse and replication (Morocco) - Case Study. In Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.584-594.

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Open Access

Research Themes

Rural-Urban Linkages

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https://hdl.handle.net/10568/93285