Nutrition, Health & Food Security
IWMI’s policy and technical innovations promote a food and water secure future. Our work not only improves irrigation and allows farmers to grow a more nutritionally diverse set of crops. But, better water resources management also encourage more equitable access to sanitation and hygiene, critical for public health systems.
Our projects span farmer-led irrigation, where smallholders invest in wells and pumps to take control of irrigating their crops, to the use of satellite data to map water resources at the regional level.
Below is content curated specifically to show the importance of water science in food systems in the area of Nutrition, Health & Food Security.
Learn more about water’s role in boosting nutrition, health and food security
Projects
Publications
Displaying 1,184 publications
Constraints of small-scale irrigated fodder production and nutrition assessment for livestock feed, a case study in Ethiopia.
Fish for whom?: Integrating the management of social complexities into technical investments for inclusive, multi-functional irrigation.
Integrated water resource management to address the growing demand for food and water in South Asia.
A new conceptual framework for integrating earth observation in large-scale wetland management in East Africa.
Spatiotemporal assessment of irrigation performance of the Kou Valley Irrigation Scheme in Burkina Faso using satellite remote sensing-derived indicators.
Ways forward: strategies for effective science, investments and policies for African farming and food systems.
Large-scale irrigated farming system: the potential and challenges to improve food security, livelihoods and ecosystem management.
Global change and investments in smallholder irrigation for food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Streamflow alterations, attributions, and implications in extended East Rapti Watershed, central-southern Nepal.
Chronic kidney disease and household behaviors in Sri Lanka: historical choices of drinking water and agrochemical use.
Maintaining diversity of integrated rice and fish production confers adaptability of food systems to global change.
Linking land tenure security with food security: unpacking farm households’ perceptions and strategies in the rural uplands of Laos.
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Sri Lanka: a profile of affected districts reliant on groundwater.
The water–energy–food nexus as a tool to transform rural livelihoods and well-being in southern Africa.
Speaking the same language: can the Sustainable Development Goals translate the needs of inland fisheries into irrigation decisions?
From women's empowerment to food security: revisiting global discourses through a cross-country analysis.
Assessment of flood recession agriculture for food security in northern Ghana: an optimization modelling approach.
Agricultural land suitability analysis: state-of-the-art and outlooks for integration of climate change analysis.
Cereal production trends under climate change: impacts and adaptation strategies in Southern Africa.
Safety assessment on microbial and heavy metal concentration in clarias gariepinus (African catfish) cultured in treated wastewater pond in Kumasi, Ghana.
Priorities for developing a modelling and scenario analysis framework for waterborne pathogen concentrations in rivers worldwide and consequent burden of disease.
A framework for targeting water, sanitation and hygiene interventions in pastoralist populations in the Afar Region of Ethiopia.
![Mutual accountability in CAADP [Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme] and agricultural transformation (9/20/2018)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H048892.jpg "Mutual accountability in CAADP [Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme] and agricultural transformation (9/20/2018)")
Assessing the effectiveness and impact of agricultural water management interventions: the case of small reservoirs in northern Ghana.
![NBS [Nature-based solutions] for managing water quality (7/31/2018)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H048853.jpg "NBS [Nature-based solutions] for managing water quality (7/31/2018)")
Analyzing farm household strategies for food security and climate resilience: the case of climate-smart villages of Southeast Asia.
Opportunities for building resilience and lessons for navigating risks: dams and the water energy food nexus.
Assessing the impact of the MRBI [Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative] program in a data limited Arkansas Watershed using the SWAT model.
Investing in water management in rural and urban landscapes to achieve and sustain global food security.
Exploring ways to increase public investments in agricultural water management and irrigation for improved agricultural productivity in Southern Africa.
Integrating the social, hydrological and ecological dimensions of freshwater health: the freshwater health index.
![Penury to prosperity: the SFPF [Small Farmer, Prosperous Farmer] journey of tribal farmers in Dahod, Gujarat (2/13/2019)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H049126.jpg "Penury to prosperity: the SFPF [Small Farmer, Prosperous Farmer] journey of tribal farmers in Dahod, Gujarat (2/13/2019)")
![E-Flows for the Upper Niger River and Inner Niger Delta: specialist response report for vegetation, fish, invertebrates and birds. [Project report prepared by the International Water Management Institute for Wetlands International] (12/30/2019)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H049436.jpg "E-Flows for the Upper Niger River and Inner Niger Delta: specialist response report for vegetation, fish, invertebrates and birds. [Project report prepared by the International Water Management Institute for Wetlands International] (12/30/2019)")
Farmers’ perceptions on irrigation water contamination, health risks and risk management measures in prominent wastewater-irrigated vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in northern Laos.
A global, spatially-explicit assessment of irrigated croplands influenced by urban wastewater flows.
Wastewater treatment and reuse in urban agriculture: exploring the food, energy, water, and health nexus in Hyderabad, India.
Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Towards sustainable sanitation management: Establishing the costs and willingness to pay for emptying and transporting sludge in rural districts with high rates of access to latrines.
Monitoring and evaluation of climate resilience for agricultural development: a review of currently available tools.
Tracking key CAADP [Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme] indicators and implementation processes.
Global trends in water-related disasters using publicly available database for hazard and risk assessment.
Mitigacion de riesgos en los sistemas de uso agricola de aguas residuales y ejemplos en America Latina y el Caribe. In Spanish.
Defining restoration flow targets to restore ecological functions and livelihoods in the lower Volta Basin.
A livelihood in a risky environment: farmers’ preferences for irrigation with wastewater in Hyderabad, India.
The role of groundwater in achieving water security and approaches to its governance [Abstract Only].
Increasing productivity and improving livelihoods in aquatic agricultural systems: a review of interventions.
Ecosystem-based interventions and farm household welfare in degraded areas: comparative evidence from Ethiopia.
Improving water sustainability and food security through increased crop water productivity in Malawi.
Groundwater evaporation ponds: a viable option for the management of shallow saline waterlogged areas.
The impact of investment in smallholder irrigation schemes on irrigation expansion and crop productivity in Malawi.
Responding to global challenges in food, energy, environment and water: risks and options assessment for decision-making.
Yield and water use efficiency of potato varieties under different soil-moisture stress conditions in the Fergana Valley of Central Asia.
Diversity and distribution of tick species (Acari: Ixodidae) associated with human otoacariasis and socio-ecological risk factors of tick infestations in Sri Lanka.
Interdependence in rainwater management technologies: an analysis of rainwater management adoption in the Blue Nile Basin.
Coping with weather adversity and adaptation to climatic variability: a cross-country study of smallholder farmers in South Asia.
A compact to revitalise large-scale irrigation systems using a leadership-partnership-ownership 'Theory of Change'.
![Opportunities for sustainable municipal solid waste management services in Batticaloa: business strategies for improved resource recovery. [Project report submitted to United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) as a part of the research project on Opportunities for Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Services in Batticaloa: Business Strategies for Improved Rresource Recovery and Reuse] (3/20/2017)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H048062.jpg "Opportunities for sustainable municipal solid waste management services in Batticaloa: business strategies for improved resource recovery. [Project report submitted to United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) as a part of the research project on Opportunities for Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Services in Batticaloa: Business Strategies for Improved Rresource Recovery and Reuse] (3/20/2017)")
Exploring ways to increase public investments in agricultural water management and irrigation for improved agricultural productivity in Southern Africa.
Rights-based freshwater governance for the twenty-first century: beyond an exclusionary focus on domestic water uses.
Fertiliser derived from fecal sludge in Sri Lanka: analysis of plant nutritional value and heavy metal contamination.
Changing aspirations, education, and migration: young people’s declining agroecological knowledge in rural Asia.
Climate smart rice production systems: studying the potential of alternate wetting and drying irrigation.
Reconciling food and water security objectives of MENA [Middle East and North Africa] and sub-Saharan Africa: is there a role for large-scale agricultural investments?
Opportunities for improved promotion of ecosystem services in agriculture under the Water-Energy-Food Nexus.
Role of groundwater in archiving food security in India: challenges and opportunities [Abstract only].
UrbanFoodplus – African-German Partnership to enhance resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban agriculture for improved food security inWest African cities [Abstract only].
Impact of the productive safety net program on farmers 'investments in sustainable land management in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia.
Institutional and policy analysis of wastewater (re)use for agriculture: case study Hyderabad, India.
Nephrotoxic contaminants in drinking water and urine, and chronic kidney disease in rural Sri Lanka.
An integrated approach to assess the dynamics of a peri-urban watershed influenced by wastewater irrigation.
Rapid assessment and SWOT analysis of non-technical aspects of natural wastewater treatment systems.
Zero risk does not exist: lessons learned from microbial risk assessment related to use of water and safety of fresh produce.
Microbial hazards in irrigation water: standards, norms, and testing to manage use of water in fresh produce primary production.
Trade-offs or synergies?: assessment of ecosystem services in multi-use small reservoirs in Burkina Faso [Abstract only].
![Synthesis report on feasibility assessment for the implementation of RRR [resource recovery and reuse] business models proposed for Kampala. Report output of a part of Resource Recovery and Reuse project: from research to implementation (4/20/2017)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H048064.jpg "Synthesis report on feasibility assessment for the implementation of RRR [resource recovery and reuse] business models proposed for Kampala. Report output of a part of Resource Recovery and Reuse project: from research to implementation (4/20/2017)")
Synthesis report on feasibility assessment for the implementation of RRR [resource recovery and reuse] business models proposed for Hanoi.
![Synthesis report on feasibility assessment for the implementation of RRR [resource recovery and reuse] business models proposed for Bangalore (3/23/2017)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H048074.jpg "Synthesis report on feasibility assessment for the implementation of RRR [resource recovery and reuse] business models proposed for Bangalore (3/23/2017)")
Synthesis report on feasibility assessment for the implementation of RRR [resource recovery and reuse] business models proposed for Lima.
Water management for sustainable agricultural intensification and smallholder resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa.
![Trends and Outlook: Agricultural Water Management in southern Africa. Country report - South Africa. [Project report submitted to United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID’s) Feed the Future Program] (2/11/2016)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H047389.jpg "Trends and Outlook: Agricultural Water Management in southern Africa. Country report - South Africa. [Project report submitted to United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID’s) Feed the Future Program] (2/11/2016)")
Stakeholder views, financing and policy implications for reuse of wastewater for irrigation: a case from Hyderabad, India.
Gender, rights, and the politics of productivity: the case of the Flag Boshielo Irrigation Scheme, South Africa.
Can current land and water governance systems promote sustainable and equitable large-scale agricultural investments in sub-Saharan Africa?
Climate change, pro-poor schemes and water inequality: strengths and weaknesses of Kauti Irrigation Water Users’ Association, Kenya.
Productive and safe use of urban organic wastes and wastewater in urban food production systems in low-income counties.
Risk mitigation for wastewater irrigation systems in low-income countries: opportunities and limitations of the WHO guidelines.
Organic and clay-based soil amendments increase maize yield, total nutrient uptake, and soil properties in Lao PDR.
Challenges and opportunities for recycling excreta for peri-urban agriculture in urbanising countries.
Fluoride exposure from groundwater as reflected by urinary fluoride and children's dental fluorosis in the Main Ethiopian Rift Valley.
Taking stock of forty years of agricultural water management interventions in smallholder systems of Burkina Faso.
Global and local genetic diversity at two microsatellite loci in Plasmodium vivax parasites from Asia, Africa and South America.
A probabilistic model of gastroenteritis risks associated with consumption of street food salads in Kumasi, Ghana: evaluation of methods to estimate pathogen dose from water, produce or food quality.
Strengthening urban producer organizations for innovative vegetable production and marketing in West African cities: experiences from Accra, Chana and Ibadan, Nigeria.
Irrigating with arsenic contaminated groundwater in West Bengal and Bangladesh: a review of interventions for mitigating adverse health and crop outcomes.
Evolution of households’ responses to the groundwater arsenic crisis in Bangladesh: information on environmental health risks can have increasing behavioral impact over time.
The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift.
![Report on case study assessment and feasibility studies. Saph Pani Deliverable 6. 2. [Project report of the Enhancement of Natural Water Systems and Treatment Methods for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in India (Saph Pani)] (12/24/2014)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H046764.jpg "Report on case study assessment and feasibility studies. Saph Pani Deliverable 6. 2. [Project report of the Enhancement of Natural Water Systems and Treatment Methods for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in India (Saph Pani)] (12/24/2014)")
![Report on initial sustainability assessment. Saph Pani Deliverable 6.1. [Project report of the Enhancement of Natural Water Systems and Treatment Methods for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in India (Saph Pani)] (12/24/2014)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H046763.jpg "Report on initial sustainability assessment. Saph Pani Deliverable 6.1. [Project report of the Enhancement of Natural Water Systems and Treatment Methods for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in India (Saph Pani)] (12/24/2014)")
Nutrient recycling from organic wastes through viable business models in peri-urban areas in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Wastewater treatment capacity, food production and health risk in peri-urban areas: a comparison of three cities.
Effects of the shallow water table on water use of winter wheat and ecosystem health: implications for unlocking the potential of groundwater in the Fergana Valley (Central Asia).
Towards decision support-based integrated management planning of papyrus wetlands: a case study from Uganda.
![Identifying priority investments in water in Myanmar’s dry zone: final report for component 3. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] (9/24/2013)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H046135.jpg "Identifying priority investments in water in Myanmar’s dry zone: final report for component 3. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] (9/24/2013)")
![Community survey on water access, availability and management issues in the dry zone of Myanmar: final report for component 2. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] (9/20/2013)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H046134.jpg "Community survey on water access, availability and management issues in the dry zone of Myanmar: final report for component 2. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] (9/20/2013)")
![Water resources assessment of the dry zone of Myanmar: final report for component 1. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] (9/20/2013)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H046133.jpg "Water resources assessment of the dry zone of Myanmar: final report for component 1. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] (9/20/2013)")
Rice and irrigation in West Africa: achieving food security with agricultural water management strategies.
City waste for agriculture: emerging priorities which influence agenda setting. [Selected from the World Water Week, Stockholm, Sweden, 26-31 August 2012].
The water for food paradox. [Selected from the World Water Week, Stockholm, Sweden, 26-31 August 2012].
Constraints and opportunities for groundwater irrigation arising from hydrologic shifts in the Iullemmeden Basin, South-Western Niger.
Impact of a randomized controlled trial in arsenic risk communication on household water-source choices in Bangladesh.
Quantification of human norovirus GII, human adenovirus, and fecal indicator organisms in wastewater used for irrigation in Accra, Ghana.
Options for water storage and rainwater harvesting to improve health and resilience against climate change in Africa.
Application of quantitative microbial risk assessment to analyze the public health risk from poor drinking water quality in a low income area in Accra, Ghana.
![IWMI recommendations for priority action in the Dry Zone of Myanmar. [Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] (12/3/2013)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H046234.jpg "IWMI recommendations for priority action in the Dry Zone of Myanmar. [Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] (12/3/2013)")
Quantification of potential impacts of urban and peri urban agriculture and forestry, Sri Lanka, on climate change.
Impact of HIV/AIDS on food and nutrition security: the case of Dire Dawa City administration, Ethiopia.
Agroecology matters: impacts of climate change on agriculture and its implications for food security in Ethiopia.
Multiple use water services for food security and health: lessons learnt by the MUS group. [Presented at the Workshop on Governance for Water and Food Security]. [Abstract only].
Constraints and missed opportunities: a review of IFAD’s Investments in participatory irrigation management. [Presented at the Workshop on Governance for Water and Food Security]. [Abstract only].
Resilience assessment and modeling of ecosystem services in the Volta Basin: towards plausible interventions that enhance livelihoods. [Presented at the Workshop on Safeguarding Global Food Security and Life Supporting Ecosystems]. [Abstract only].
Safe wastewater reuse: a call for sanitation safety plans. [Presented at the Workshop on Health and Food Security]. [Abstract only].
Rainwater management transforms Africa towards food security and resilience. [Presented at the Workshop on Rainfed Production under Growing Rain Variability: Closing the Yield Gap]. [Abstract only].
Risk assessment of heavy-metal contamination on vegetables grown in long-term wastewater irrigated urban farming sites in Accra, Ghana.
The 2011 impact study report: project impacts on the population-at-large (kitchen gardeners' perspective). Report prepared under the project Integrated Water Resources Management in Fergana Valley, phase IV.
Climate change, agriculture and food security: a global partnership to link research and action for low-income agricultural producers and consumers.
Producing more food with less water in a changing world: assessment of water productivity in 10 major river basins.
Groundwater quality and its health impact: an assessment of dental fluorosis in rural inhabitants of the Main Ethiopian Rift.
![Healthy wetlands, healthy people: a review of wetlands and human health interactions. [Contributing authors include Priyanie Amerasinghe of IWMI] (3/2/2012)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H044745.jpg "Healthy wetlands, healthy people: a review of wetlands and human health interactions. [Contributing authors include Priyanie Amerasinghe of IWMI] (3/2/2012)")
!['From small farmers towards prosperous farmers': four case studies from Gujarat [India] (12/6/2012)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H045501.jpg "'From small farmers towards prosperous farmers': four case studies from Gujarat [India] (12/6/2012)")
![Gender equity, water and food security in drought prone areas: a case study of Odisha and Gujarat [India] (12/3/2012)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H045475.jpg "Gender equity, water and food security in drought prone areas: a case study of Odisha and Gujarat [India] (12/3/2012)")
Estimating effects of constraints on food security in Malawi: policy lessons from regressions quantiles.
Implementing non-conventional options for safe water reuse in agriculture in resource poor environments.
Gender analysis of the contribution of urban agriculture to sustainable livelihoods in Accra, Ghana.
Gender analysis of land use for urban agriculture and sustainability of livelihoods in Freetown, Sierra Leone.
![An ecosystem services approach to water and food security. [Synthesis report] (9/8/2011)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H044283.jpg "An ecosystem services approach to water and food security. [Synthesis report] (9/8/2011)")
![Ecosystems for water and food security. [Background paper] (9/8/2011)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H044268.jpg "Ecosystems for water and food security. [Background paper] (9/8/2011)")
Inventory, sustainability assessment, and upscaling of best agricultural water management practices.
![Demonstration on the use of urine in urban agriculture. [Report of the Sustainable Urban Water Management Improves Tomorrow’s City’s Health (SWITCH) Project] (9/16/2011)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H044301.jpg "Demonstration on the use of urine in urban agriculture. [Report of the Sustainable Urban Water Management Improves Tomorrow’s City’s Health (SWITCH) Project] (9/16/2011)")
Cost-effectiveness of options for reducing health risks in areas where food crops are irrigated with treated or untreated wastewater.
Assessing the empirical challenges of evaluating the benefits and risks of irrigating with wastewater.
Meeting the challenge of wastewater irrigation: economics, finance, business opportunities and methodological constraints.
Changes in agricultural cropland areas between a water-surplus year and a water-deficit year impacting food security, determined using MODIS 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques, in the Krishna River basin (India).
Why do some wastewater treatment facilities work when the majority fail? Case study from the sanitation sector in Ghana.
![Use of decision support systems to improve dam planning and dam operation in Africa. [Report of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food project on Improved Planning of Large Dam Operation: Using Decision Support Systems to Optimize Benefits, Safeguard Health and Protect the Environment] (5/26/2011)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H043883.jpg "Use of decision support systems to improve dam planning and dam operation in Africa. [Report of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food project on Improved Planning of Large Dam Operation: Using Decision Support Systems to Optimize Benefits, Safeguard Health and Protect the Environment] (5/26/2011)")
Global experiences in water reuse: summary and recommendations for the USEPA 2012 water reuse guidelines.
![IWMI celebrating 25 years of research achievements. [Supplement of IWMI Annual Report 2010] (4/17/2012)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H044809.jpg "IWMI celebrating 25 years of research achievements. [Supplement of IWMI Annual Report 2010] (4/17/2012)")
Assessing water footprints will not be helpful in improving water management or ensuring food security. Review essay on 'Hoekstra, A. Y.; Chapagain, A. K.; Aldaya, M. M.; Mekonnen, M. M. 2011. The water footprint assessment manual: setting the global standard. London, UK: Earthscan'.
![Irrigation practice and policy in the lowlands of the Horn of Africa. Final draft. [Background paper] (12/28/2011)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H044639.jpg "Irrigation practice and policy in the lowlands of the Horn of Africa. Final draft. [Background paper] (12/28/2011)")
![Management of ground water in Africa including transboundary aquifers: implications for food security, livelihood and climate change adaptation. [Contributing authors include Yvan Altchenko and Paul Pavelic of IWMI] (12/15/2011)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H044613.jpg "Management of ground water in Africa including transboundary aquifers: implications for food security, livelihood and climate change adaptation. [Contributing authors include Yvan Altchenko and Paul Pavelic of IWMI] (12/15/2011)")
Analysis of polymorphisms in the merozoite surface protein-3a gene and two microsatellite loci in Sri Lankan Plasmodium vivax: evidence of population substructure in Sri Lanka.
Water resource management in the Olifants Basin of South Africa: previous projects and future prospects.
Mobiliser les connaissances et les perceptions des agriculteurs pour reduire les risques sanitaires de l’agriculture irriguee avec des eaux usees. In French.
Faciliter l’adoption d’interventions de securite alimentaire dans le secteur des aliments de rue et dans les champs. In French.
Analyse cout-efficacite des interventions pour reduire les maladies diarrheiques chez les consommateurs de laitues irriguees avec des eaux usees au Ghana. In French.
Mesures mises en oevre aux champs pour reduire les risques sanitaires microbiologiques pour les consommateurs d’une agriculture informelle irriguee avec des eaux usees. In French.
Evaluer et attenuer les risques sanitaires associes aux eaux usees dans les pays a faible revenu: une introduction. In French.
Producing more food with less water in a changing world: assessment of water productivity in 10 major river basins.
Autonomous smallholder shallow groundwater irrigation development in upper east region of Ghana. [Abstract only].
Wastewater use in crop production in peri-urban areas of Addis Ababa: impacts on health in farm households.
Integrated management of aquatic resources: a Bayesian approach to water control and trade-offs in southern Vietnam.
Food, water and poverty: basin and global scale patterns of water availability, use and its impacts on rural development [Abstract only].
![Wetlands and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH): understanding the linkages. [IWMI is one of the contributing organizations. Contributors: Alexandra Evans and Pay Drechsel] (3/26/2010)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H042773.jpg "Wetlands and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH): understanding the linkages. [IWMI is one of the contributing organizations. Contributors: Alexandra Evans and Pay Drechsel] (3/26/2010)")
Quantitative microbial risk analysis to evaluate health effects of interventions in the urban water system of Accra, Ghana.
Relearning old lessons for the future of food - by bread alone no longer: diversifying diets with fruit and vegetables.
Investing in water for food, ecosystems, and livelihoods: an overview of the comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture.
Bacterial contamination of lettuce and associated risk factors at production sites, markets and street food restaurants in urban and peri-urban Kumasi, Ghana.
Soil and crop contamination through wastewater irrigation and options for risk reduction in developing countries.
A holistic view of global croplands and their water use for ensuring global food security in the 21st century through advanced remote sensing and non-remote sensing approaches.
Geographic structure of Plasmodium vivax: microsatellite analysis of parasite populations from Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Ethiopia.
Entomological studies on the impact of a small-scale irrigation scheme on malaria transmission around Ziway, central Ethiopia.
Wastewater irrigation and health: challenges and outlook for mitigating risks in low-income countries.
Harnessing farmers’ knowledge and perceptions for health-risk reduction in wastewater-irrigated agriculture.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions for diarrhoeal disease reduction among consumers of wastewater-irrigated lettuce in Ghana.
Farm-based measures for reducing human and environmental health risks from chemical constituents in wastewater.
Farm-based measures for reducing microbiological health risks for consumers from informal wastewater-irrigated agriculture.
Management and treatment of urban wastewater for irrigation in Rajshahi, Bangladesh: WASPA Asia Project.
UK parliamentary inquiry into global food crisis: call for evidence: how to better manage water so that 9 billion people can be fed equitably, healthily, safely and sustainably by 2050.
The role of pollution prevention strategies, best management practices and cleaner production in hospital wastewater management.
An analysis of the quality of wastewater used to irrigate vegetables in Accra, Kumasi and Tamale, Ghana.
Climate, agriculture and food security: a strategy for change. [Vladimir Smakhtin of IWMI is one of the contributors].
![Climate, agriculture and food security: a strategy for change. [Vladimir Smakhtin of IWMI is one of the contributors] (4/16/2010)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H042812.jpg "Climate, agriculture and food security: a strategy for change. [Vladimir Smakhtin of IWMI is one of the contributors] (4/16/2010)")
Improved planning of large dam operation: using decision support systems to optimize livelihood benefits, safeguard health and protect the environment. CPWF project report, project number 36.
An atlas of water quality, health and agronomic risks and benefits associated with 'wastewater' irrigated agriculture: a study from the banks of the Musi River, India. [Report prepared for the IWMI-BMZ project].
Partnerships in action: establishing movable and vertical vegetable gardens for internally displaced persons in the north.
Irrigation intervention: a strategy for conserving biodiversity and improving food security in Royal Chitwan National Park buffer zone, Nepal.
Agricultural water use and trade in Uzbekistan: situation and potential impacts of market liberalization.
Effect of transboundary water agreements on water and food security of downstream riparian communities: a case study of Indus Waters Treaty.
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in two tertiary care hospitals: high proportion of cases with uncertain aetiology. Research letters.
Resource recovery from urban waste: options and challenges for community based composting in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The impact of small scale irrigation on household food security: the case of Filtino and Godino Irrigation Schemes in Ada Liben District, East Shoa, Ethiopia.
Indicators for monitoring and evaluation of agricultural performance and shared goals in Southern Africa.
Accumulation and implications of cadmium, cobalt and manganese in soils and vegetables irrigated with city effluent.
Wastewater irrigated vegetable production: contamination pathway for health risk reduction in Accra, Kumasi and Tamale, Ghana.
Quantification of the health risk associated with wastewater reuse in Accra, Ghana: a contribution toward local guidelines.
Malaria vector control practices in an irrigated rice agro-ecosystem in central Kenya and implications for malaria control.
Micro-agricultural water management technologies for food security in southern Africa: part of the solution or a red herring?
Managing our future water needs for agriculture, industry, human health and the environment: discussion document for the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2008. [IWMI is a partner].
The impact of small-scale irrigation on household food security: the case of Filtino and Godino irrigation schemes in Ethiopia.
Impact of irrigation on livelihood and food security in the modern Hare River Irrigation Scheme in Southern Ethiopia.
Reducing health risks from wastewater use in urban and peri-urban sub-Saharan Africa: applying the 2006 WHO guidelines.
The fear of awful smell: risk perceptions among farmers in Vietnam using wastewater and human excreta in agriculture.
Rainwater harvesting technologies in the Sahelian zone of West Africa and the potential for outscaling.
Cryptosporidium and Giardia infection and drinking water sources among children in Lege Dini, Ethiopia.
![Multiple-use water service implementation in Nepal and India: experience and lessons for scale-up. [Report of the CGIAR Challenge Program-Multiple-Use Water Systems (CP-MUS) Project] (3/9/2012)](https://publications.iwmi.org/TN/H044752.jpg "Multiple-use water service implementation in Nepal and India: experience and lessons for scale-up. [Report of the CGIAR Challenge Program-Multiple-Use Water Systems (CP-MUS) Project] (3/9/2012)")
Welcome address at the International Expert Consultation on Wastewater Irrigation, Consumer Health Risk Assessment, On-farm and Off-farm Options for Health Risk Mitigation, and Wastewater Governance in Low-income Countries, Accra, Ghana, 6 October 2008.
Irrigated urban vegetable production in Ghana: sources of pathogen contamination and risk elimination.
Potential for intra-regional maize trade in southern Africa: an analysis for Zambia at the sub-national level.
Perceptions of farmers on health risks and risk reduction measures in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming in Ghana.
Drivers and characteristics of wastewater agriculture in developing countries: results from a global assessment.
Sustainable management of wastewater for agriculture: proceedings of the First Bridging Workshop, Aleppo, Syria, 11-15 November 2007.
Evaluating institution-impact interactions in the context of millennium development goals: Analytical framework with empirical results.
Water security for food security: findings of the Comprehensive Assessment for Sub-Saharan Africa. [This report draws directly from the book Water for food, water for life: a Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture].
Planning and management of irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa: reducing the environmental and health costs.
Analysis of field-moist Cd contaminated paddy soils during rice grain fill allows reliable prediction of grain Cd levels.
Experts address the question: 'What are the most important constraints to achieving food security in various parts of Africa?'.
Resource recovery from urban waste: options and challenges for community based composting in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Extent and implications of agricultural reuse of untreated, partly treated and diluted wastewater in developing countries.
Modelling crop-livestock systems for achieving food security and increasing production efficiencies in the Ethiopian highlands.
Learning from bright spots to enhance food security and to combat degradation of water and land resources.
Quantifying institutional impacts and development synergies in water resource programs: a methodology with application to the Kala Oya Basin, Sri Lanka.
Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.4. Project posters by phase 1 projects of the Challenge Program on Water and Food.
Process-oriented integrated natural resource management (INRM) implementation at the basin level: can it be given new insights to state restructuring in Nepal?
The paradox of groundwater scarcity amidst plenty and its implications for food security and poverty alleviation in West Bengal, India: What can be done to ameliorate the crisis?
Irrigated urban vegetable production in Ghana: microbiological contamination in farms and markets and associated consumer risk groups.
Impacts of groundwater contamination with fluoride and arsenic: affliction severity, medical cost and wage loss in some villages of India.
Island-wide diversity in single nucleotide polymorphisms of the Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase genes in Sri Lanka.
Minimizing the negative environmental and health impacts of agricultural water resources development in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Helminth eggs inactivation efficiency by faecal sludge dewatering and co-composting in tropical climates.
Institutions, impact synergies and food security: a methodology with results from the Kala Oya Basin, Sri Lanka.
Impact synergies, institutions, and food security: an evaluation methodology with empirical results.
Participatory impact pathways analysis: a practical application of program theory in research-for-development.
Optimizing soil fertility gradients in the Enset (Ensete ventricosum) systems of the Ethiopian highlands: Trade-offs and local innovations.
Element contents and food safety of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) cultivated with wastewater in Hanoi, Vietnam.
Impact of wastewater irrigation on Cd and Pb concentrations in rice straw and paragrass: implications for food safety.
Water for food in the cities: The growing paradigm of irrigated peri-urban agriculture and its struggle in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Reducing microbial contamination on wastewater-irrigated lettuce by cessation of irrigation before harvesting.
Effect of low-cost irrigation methods on microbial contamination of lettuce irrigated with untreated wastewater.
Reducing health risks from wastewater use in urban and peri-urban Sub-Saharan Africa: Applying the 2006 WHO guidelines.
Non-conventional water resources and opportunities for water augmentation to achieve food security in water scarce countries.
More crop per drop: revisiting a research paradigm: results and synthesis of IWMI’s research, 1996-2005.
Groundwater contamination in India: discussing physical processes, health and socio-behavioral dimensions.
Understanding the links between agriculture and health: agriculture, malaria, and water-associated diseases.
Cryptosporidium and Giardia as determinants for selection of an appropriate source of drinking-water in Southern Sri Lanka.
Health impact of small dams in Morocco: listening to the community for better planning and management.
Proceedings of Workshop on Wastewater Reuse in Agriculture in Vietnam: Water Management, Environment and Human Health Aspects, Hanoi, Vietnam, 4 May 2006. In English and Vietnamese.
The fear of bad smell: health risk awareness related to using waste in agricultural production in Vietnam.
Overview of project on Wastewater Reuse in Agriculture in Vietnam: Water management, Environment, and Human Health Aspects.
Solid-liquid separation of faecal sludge using drying beds in Ghana: implications for nutrient recycling in urban agriculture.
‘More crop per drop:’ Revisiting a research paradigm: Results and synthesis of IWMI’s research, 1996-2005.
Mapping the links between water, poverty and food security: report on the Water Indicators Workshop held at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK, 16-19 May, 2005.
Farmers’ perception of water management under drought conditions in the Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia.
Intensifying agricultural sustainability: an analysis of impacts and drivers in the development of ‘bright spots’.
Assessment of health risks and benefits associated with UA [Urban Agriculture]: impact assessment, risk mitigation, and healthy public policy.
Importance of waste stabilization ponds and wastewater irrigation in the generation of vector mosquitoes in Pakistan.
Market integration, natural resource degradation and poverty perspectives from two upland watersheds in Thailand and Lao PDR.
Report of LDD-IWMI land zoning and Cd risk assessment activities undertaken in Phatat Pha Daeng and Mae Tao Mai sub-districts, Mae Sot, Tak Province, Thailand. Final report.
Report of LDD-IWMI land zoning and Cd risk assessment activities undertaken in Phatat Pha Daeng and Mae Tao Mai sub-districts, Mae Sot, Tak Province, Thailand. Final report.
Experiences and opportunities for promoting small-scale/micro irrigation and rainwater harvesting for food security in Ethiopia.
Urban malaria in Africa: proceedings of a Technical Consultation on the Strategy for Assessment and Control of Urban Malaria, Pretoria, South Africa, 02-05 December 2004.
Irrigated urban vegetable production in Ghana: sources of pathogen contamination and health risk elimination.
Adoption and impacts of microirrigation technologies: empirical results from selected localities of Maharashtra and Gujarat states of India.
Wastewater as a non-traditional source of livelihoods, city food security and water for agriculture.
Current policy and status of DDT use for malaria control in Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya and South Africa.
Systemwide initiative on Malaria and agriculture: an innovative framework for research and capacity building.
Behavioural heterogeneity of Anopheles species in ecologically different localities in Southeast Asia: a challenge for vector control.
Maps of the Sri Lanka malaria situation preceding the tsunami and key aspects to be considered in the emergency phase and beyond.
Extending the “ecosan loop” to address health concerns from wastewater irrigation in urban and peri-urban areas.
Agricultural water development in Sub-Saharan Africa: planning and management to improve the benefits and reduce the environmental and health costs.
Irrigation impacts assessment: an annotated bibliography of published literature on methods and findings.
Review of the current contamination status of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the Greater Mekong sub-region.
Analysis of impacts of climate variability on malaria transmission in Sri Lanka and the development of an early-warning system.
Investment in agricultural water management in Sub-Saharan Africa: Diagnosis of trends and opportunities: case studies report: Volume 1 – Highlights of findings of various components.
Investment in agricultural water management in Sub-Saharan Africa: diagnosis of trends and opportunities – reviews of literature report. Volume 1 – Highlights of findings of various components.
Confronting the realities of wastewater use in irrigated agriculture: Lessons learned and recommendations.
National assessments on wastewater use in agriculture and an emerging typology: The Vietnam case study.
Is there an association between bacteriological drinking water quality and childhood diarrhea in developing countries?
Possible impacts of the transformation of water infrastructure on productive water uses: The case of the Seokodibeng village in South Africa.
Poverty reduction through improved agricultural water management: proceedings of the Workshop on Pro-poor Intervention Strategies in Irrigated Agriculture in Asia, Islamabad, Pakistan, 23-24 April 2003.
Wastewater reuse for agriculture and aquaculture: current and future perspectives for low-income countries.
Improving wheat productivity in Pakistan: econometric analysis using panel data from Chaj in the Upper Indus Basin.
Institutions for integrated water resources management in upland watersheds of Southeast Asia: A comparative analysis of Thailand and Lao PDR.
Investing in water for food, ecosystems and livelihoods. Blue paper. Discussion draft. Stockholm 2004.
Productive use of wastewater by poor urban and peri-urban farmers: Asian and African case studies in the context of the Hyderabad declaration on wastewater use.
Improving agricultural productivity for poverty alleviation through integrated service provision with public-private sector partnerships: examples and issues.
Pro-poor water harvesting systems in drought-prone areas: a case study of the Karez system in Baluchistan, Pakistan.
Water – more nutrition per drop: towards sustainable food production and consumption patterns in a rapidly changing world.
Water management options for food security in South Africa: scenarios, simulations and policy implications.
A nationwide assessment of wastewater use in Pakistan: an obscure activity or a vitally important one?
Water – more nutrition per drop: towards sustainable food production and consumption patterns in a rapidly changing world.
Prevalence and distribution of enamel defects and dental caries in a region with different concentrations of fluoride in drinking water in Sri Lanka.
Air limbah kota: Sebuah sumberdaya bernilai untuk pertanian: Studi kasus dari Haroonabad, Pakistan. In Indonesian.
Impact on livelihoods: PRADAN's collaboration study of the 5% technology Purulia, West Bengal, India. Poverty-Focused Smallholder Water Management: an IWMI research project supported by DFID. Final report document 3 of 9.
Impact of livelihoods: along the Musi River Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. Poverty-Focused Smallholder Water Management: an IWMI research project supported by DFID. Final report document 9 of 9.
Co-composting of faecal sludge and solid waste for urban and peri-urban agriculture in Kumasi, Ghana.
Water, climate, food, and environment in the Mekong basin in southeast Asia: contribution to the project ADAPT: adaptation strategies to changing environments. Final report.
Development of effective water-management institutions, final report, vol.V, appendix II: towards water sector reforms: policy case study on Indonesia.
Integrated watershed management for land and water conservation and sustainable agricultural production in Asia: proceedings of the ADB-ICRISAT-IWMI Project Review and Planning Meeting, 10-14 December 2001, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Household food security and wastewater-dependent livelihood activities along the Musi River in Andhra Pradesh, India.
WaterDome final report: World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, 28 Auguest - 3 September 2002.
Irrigation intervention: a strategy for conserving bio-diversity and improving food security in Royal Chitwan national park bufferzone, Nepal.
UNESCAP-IWMI Seminar – Environmental and Public Health Risks Due to Contamination of Soils, Crops, Surface and Groundwater from Urban, Industrial and Natural Sources in South East Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam, 10-12 December 2002.
Impact of urban agriculture on malaria prevalence in young children in two cities of Ghana. [Abstract only].
International Water Conference: dialogue on water, food and environment, Hanoi, Vietnam, 13-16 October 2002.
Integrated water and land management research and capacity building priorities for Ethiopia: proceedings of a MoWR/EARO/IWMI/ILRI International Workshop held at ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2-4 December 2002.
Effect of chlorination of drinking-water on water quality and childhood diarrhoea in a village in Pakistan.
Implications of land and water degradation for food security, with particular reference to Asia and Africa.
Reducing acute poisoning in developing countries: options for restricting the availability of pesticides.
The relative exclusion of zinc and iron from rice grain in relation to rice grain cadmium as compared to soybean: Implications for human health.
Dental caries and developmental defects of enamel in relation to fluoride levels in drinking water in an arid area of Sri Lanka.
Sustaining groundwater boom: protecting food security and small holders livelihoods in Punjab, Pakistan.
Smallholder rainfed agriculture in South Africa and research perspectives. [Discussion draft consultancy report].
Mosquito-related health risks of wastewater treatment ponds in peri-urban areas of Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Balancing health and livelihoods: Adjusting wastewater irrigation guidelines for resource-poor countries.
Policies and institutions for sustainable water resource management: a research agenda. Challenge Program on Water and Food background paper 5.
The contribution of aquatic ecosystems and fisheries to food security and livelihoods: a research agenda. Challenge Program on Water and Food background paper 3.
World Water Assessment Programme Sri Lanka case study, Ruhuna basins: proceedings of a Workshop held at Koggala Beach Hotel, Sri Lanka, 7-9 April 2002.
The changing face of irrigation in Kenya: opportunities for anticipating changes in Eastern and Southern Africa.
Pesticides: Health impacts and alternatives. Proceedings of a workshop held in Colombo, 24 January 2002.
Synthesis - Conclusions and recommendations of RUAF-IWMI E-mail Conference on Agricultural Use of Untreated Urban Wastewater in Low Income Countries, 24 June - 5 July 2002.
Malaria in irrigated agriculture: papers and abstracts for the SIMA Special Seminar at the ICID 18th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage, Montreal, 23 July 2002.
Availability of irrigation water for domestic use in Pakistan: Its impact on prevalence of diarrhoea and nutritional status of children.
Domestic transmission routes of pathogens: the problem of in-house contamination of drinking water during storage in developing countries.
Valuation of socio-economic and environmental impacts of wastewater irrigation in developing countries.
Stakeholder Consultation on CGIAR Systemwide Initiative on Malaria and Agriculture (SIMA), Nairobi, Kenya, 13-16 May 2001.
Water for rural development: Background paper on water for rural development prepared for the World Bank.
Development of an epidemic forecasting system for malaria in Sri Lanka by monitoring remotely sensed soil moisture data.
Wastewater reuse in agriculture in Vietnam: water management, environment and human health aspects. Proceedings of a workshop held in Hanoi, Vietnam, 14 March 2001.
A framework for analyzing socioeconomic, health and environmental impacts of wastewater use in agriculture in developing countries.
Is there association between bacteriological water quality and childhood diarrhea in rural areas in developing countries?
L’irrigation face a ses fonctions: analyse quantitative sur les petits perimetres du departement de Podor au Senegal. In French.
Risks and benefits of wastewater irrigation: finding a balance between small farmers' needs, and impacts on health and environment.
Malaria risk mapping in Sri Lanka - Results from the Uda Walawe area: Proceedings of a workshop held in Embilipitiya, Sri Lanka, 29th March 2001.
Socio-economic and environmental effects of wastewater irrigation: State of the art, problem areas and policy alternatives.
A global perspective on water scarcity and poverty: achievements and challenges for water resource management.
Genero, irrigacion y cultura del agua en el distrito de riego 011 Alto Rio Lerma, Guanajuato, Mexico. In Spanish.
Characteristics of smallholder irrigation farming in South Africa: a case study of the Arabie-Olifants River Irrigation Scheme.
WHO Multidisciplinary Mission in Azerbaijan to develop a long-term sustainable program for the control of malaria vectors through environmental management and biological control.
Collaborative research on the improvement of irrigation operation and management: water quality investigations. Final report.
Enhancing the productivity of water in agriculture in an environment of growing scarcity and competition: a research proposal of the Systemwide Initiative on Water Management.
Consultative Workshop on Gender, Poverty and Water Program, 18 May 1998, IIMI Pakistan, Lahore. Report of proceedings.
Multiple uses and water quality: Report submitted to the Council of Agriculture and the Agricultural Engineering Research Center of the Republic of China.
Health and irrigation: Proceedings of the Copenhagen Workshop on Health and Irrigation held in Eigtved's Pakhus, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Asiatisk Plads 2, DK, 1448 Copenhagen, Denmark, 18-20 August 1997.
National Water Conference on Status and Future Directions of Water Research in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 4-6 November 1998. Session 19: Groundwater I; Session 20: Water management challenges; Session 21: Crop water use.
Food security and irrigation development in Sri Lanka: past achievements and future prospects. Paper 72 of Session 20.
Characteristics of malaria vector breeding habitats in Sri Lanka: Relevance for environmental management.
An investigation of the relationship between depth to groundwater and malaria prevalence, Punjab, Pakistan.
Expanding the frontiers of irrigation management research: Results of research and development at the International Irrigation Management Institute, 1984 to 1995.
Performance assessment of rice irrigation in the Sahel: Major indicators and preliminary results from Burkina Faso and Niger.
Livelihood strategies and performance indicators: understanding irrigation from water-users' perspectives: a Collaborative Research Project of the International Irrigation Management Institute, and the International Institute for Environment and Development.
Kirindi Oya Irrigation and Settlement Project: project impact evaluation study. Vol.2: annexes (final report).
Kirindi Oya Irrigation and Settlement Project: project impact evaluation study. Vol.1: Main report (final).
A knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices survey of Malaria in the Huruluwewa watershed, Anuradhapura District.
Irrigation management transfer in Asia: Papers from the Expert Consultation on Irrigation Management Transfer in Asia, Bangkok and Chiang Mai, 25-29 September 1995.
A macro analysis of the relationship between Malaria incidences and irrigated agriculture in the Moneragala District.
Trends in irrigation development and their implications for vector-borne disease control strategies.
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